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Actions Displays	Dublin's Bourgeois Homes. Remove from selection Add to selection TitleDublin's Bourgeois Homes.; Building the Victorian Suburbs, 1850-1901. Author Susan Galavan Default shelfmarkD.DUB.1.474 Place of publicationDublin PublisherRoutledge Year of publication2017 Pagination164pp MaterialBook ISBN9781472471727 NotesIndex; illus. Persons keyword Susan Galavan +- Birth notes: fl. 1995 - History/Biography: Architect and architectural historian Michael Meade +- Date of Birth: 1814 Birth notes: fl. 1840s-1880s Date of death: 1886 History/Biography: Dublin contractor, speculative builder Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/3431 Joseph M. Meade +- Date of Birth: 1839 Date of death: 1900 History/Biography: Property developer, former High Sheriff and Lord Mayor of Dublin 1891, son of Michael Meade Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/3430 William Carvill +- Birth notes: fl. 1840-1870s Date of death: 1884 History/Biography: Timber merchant, Dublin property developer John J. Croswaithe +- Date of Birth: 1794 Date of death: 1884 History/Biography: builder, developer, Chairman of Kingstown Township Commissioners (Dun Laoghaire) Peter Joseph Moran +- Birth notes: fl. 1860s History/Biography: architect, engineer and property developer of Dun Laoghaire Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/3572 Son and Denny Murray +- Date of Birth: 1845 Date of death: 1849 History/Biography: Dublin architects Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/3696 William Mansfied Mitchell +- Date of Birth: 1842 Date of death: 1910 History/Biography: Irish architect, partmered with John McCurdy in 1872 to found McCurdy & Mitchell Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/3505 John McCurdy +- Date of Birth: 1824 Date of death: 1885 History/Biography: Dublin architect and civil engineer, founding member of McCurdy Mitchell architects Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/3507 Pembroke Estate Charles Ashworth +- Date of Birth: 1862 Date of death: 1926 History/Biography: Architect Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/75 Alexander Graham +- Birth notes: fl. 1860s History/Biography: builder, Dublin property developer Frederick Morley +- Date of death: 1896 History/Biography: Architect, surveyor and developer Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/3586 Dublin Artisans' Dwelling Company +- History/Biography: Dublin Artisans Dwellings Company: The Artizans’ [sic] and Labourers’ Dwellings Improvement Act 1875 (the ‘Cross Act’) empowered local authorities to acquire by compulsory purchase derelict or vacant properties and to lease the sites to private commercial companies for the purposes of constructing working-class housing. Responses to the act included the Improved Dwellings Company in Cork, and the Thomond Artisans Dwellings Co. in Limerick, but the earliest and by far the most successful was the Dublin Artisans Dwelling Company, established in June 1876. Within a year, Thomas Newenham Deane (1827-99) and Thomas Drew (1838-1910) were engaged on three separate projects for the Company, the former on Temple Buildings, Upper Dominick Street, and Echlin Street Buildings, and the latter on Buckingham Street Buildings. These earliest developments were mainly of blocks of one- or two-room flats but the Company quickly concluded that flats, though cheaper to build, were less popular and hence less profitable than individual houses. In 1881, the cluster of small squares that constituted Drew's Coombe scheme became the first of the Company's developments to consist solely of houses. Charles Ashworth (1862-1926) was appointed architect to the Company in July 1890 and designed the majority of the its developments including the largest, the Manor Place or Oxmantown scheme (1891-1908). Ashworth's schemes were typically terraces of single-storey cottages, with rendered or red-brick facades, and two-storey red-brick houses laid out in groups of parallel streets, a template readily followed by Dublin’s municipal authorities and hence one that came to characterise whole areas of the City well beyond the boundaries of the Company’s activities. To control costs and speed construction, a small number of common house designs were used across the Company schemes, evolving over time to remain at the forefront of standards considered acceptable for working class housing. The simplest house, designated ‘Type A’, was a two-roomed cottage with one fireplace and was in use from the early 1880s to the late 1890s. By comparison, ‘Type F’, first introduced by Ashworth in 1897, was a six-roomed two-storey house with separate kitchen and six fireplaces. In all house types, the WC was located with a coal shed in the rear yard. Successive housing legislation allowed for completed schemes to be mortgaged to the Board of Works to provide further building capital, while income from the relatively high rents charged by the Company provided its profit, enabling it to pay dividends to its shareholders (beginning as early as 1878) and to remunerate its directors. The Company carefully vetted its tenants and kept a close eye on numbers occupying houses; sub-letting was allowed but overcrowding was not. The long-established custom, official policy from 1922, for vacant properties to be offered first to children of existing tenants resulted in a stable and exclusive population which at its height numbered some 16,000. Shops were built for most schemes and dairies were facilitated but requests to open licensed premises were consistently refused. The outbreak of World War I interrupted building activity, a hiatus prolonged well beyond the end of the war by a protracted rent strike. Three further schemes were built from 1929 to 1933, designed by James Bramwell Smith (1884-1961), Ashworth’s successor as Company architect. The basic dwelling had now evolved into an eight-roomed house with a kitchen, an internal bathroom, front and back gardens and mains electricity. Citing what it regarded as unfair competition from local authorities who were now providing working-class housing irrespective of profitability, the Company built no further schemes after 1933. In 1961, with its building stock aging and increasingly un-remunerative, it adopted the policy of selling off its houses and investing in purely commercial property. The last of the houses were sold in 1979 and the Co Edward Henry Carson +- Date of Birth: 1822 Date of death: 1881 History/Biography: Architect & Civil Engineer Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/154 Gilbert and Sons Cockburn +- Birth notes: fl. 1830s-1870s History/Biography: Dublin timber merchants, contractors and developers Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/1090 John Joseph Lyons +- Date of Birth: 1828 Date of death: 1880 History/Biography: Architect, founder of the Dublin Builder magazine Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/3291 William Francis Caldbeck +- Date of Birth: 1824 Date of death: 1872 History/Biography: Architect Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/919 William Fogerty +- Date of Birth: 1833 Date of death: 1878 History/Biography: Architect, of Limerick, London, New York and Dublin Digital reference: http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/1967

TitleDublin's Bourgeois Homes.; Building the Victorian Suburbs, 1850-1901.

Author

Susan Galavan

Default shelfmarkD.DUB.1.474

Place of publicationDublin

PublisherRoutledge

Year of publication2017

Pagination164pp

MaterialBook

ISBN9781472471727

NotesIndex; illus.

Persons keyword

Susan Galavan +

Michael Meade +

Joseph M. Meade +

William Carvill +

John J. Croswaithe +

Peter Joseph Moran +

Son and Denny Murray +

William Mansfied Mitchell +

John McCurdy +

Pembroke Estate

Charles Ashworth +

Alexander Graham +

Frederick Morley +

Dublin Artisans' Dwelling Company +

History/Biography: Dublin Artisans Dwellings Company: The Artizans’ [sic] and Labourers’ Dwellings Improvement Act 1875 (the ‘Cross Act’) empowered local authorities to acquire by compulsory purchase derelict or vacant properties and to lease the sites to private commercial companies for the purposes of constructing working-class housing. Responses to the act included the Improved Dwellings Company in Cork, and the Thomond Artisans Dwellings Co. in Limerick, but the earliest and by far the most successful was the Dublin Artisans Dwelling Company, established in June 1876. Within a year, Thomas Newenham Deane (1827-99) and Thomas Drew (1838-1910) were engaged on three separate projects for the Company, the former on Temple Buildings, Upper Dominick Street, and Echlin Street Buildings, and the latter on Buckingham Street Buildings. These earliest developments were mainly of blocks of one- or two-room flats but the Company quickly concluded that flats, though cheaper to build, were less popular and hence less profitable than individual houses. In 1881, the cluster of small squares that constituted Drew's Coombe scheme became the first of the Company's developments to consist solely of houses. Charles Ashworth (1862-1926) was appointed architect to the Company in July 1890 and designed the majority of the its developments including the largest, the Manor Place or Oxmantown scheme (1891-1908). Ashworth's schemes were typically terraces of single-storey cottages, with rendered or red-brick facades, and two-storey red-brick houses laid out in groups of parallel streets, a template readily followed by Dublin’s municipal authorities and hence one that came to characterise whole areas of the City well beyond the boundaries of the Company’s activities. To control costs and speed construction, a small number of common house designs were used across the Company schemes, evolving over time to remain at the forefront of standards considered acceptable for working class housing. The simplest house, designated ‘Type A’, was a two-roomed cottage with one fireplace and was in use from the early 1880s to the late 1890s. By comparison, ‘Type F’, first introduced by Ashworth in 1897, was a six-roomed two-storey house with separate kitchen and six fireplaces. In all house types, the WC was located with a coal shed in the rear yard. Successive housing legislation allowed for completed schemes to be mortgaged to the Board of Works to provide further building capital, while income from the relatively high rents charged by the Company provided its profit, enabling it to pay dividends to its shareholders (beginning as early as 1878) and to remunerate its directors. The Company carefully vetted its tenants and kept a close eye on numbers occupying houses; sub-letting was allowed but overcrowding was not. The long-established custom, official policy from 1922, for vacant properties to be offered first to children of existing tenants resulted in a stable and exclusive population which at its height numbered some 16,000. Shops were built for most schemes and dairies were facilitated but requests to open licensed premises were consistently refused. The outbreak of World War I interrupted building activity, a hiatus prolonged well beyond the end of the war by a protracted rent strike. Three further schemes were built from 1929 to 1933, designed by James Bramwell Smith (1884-1961), Ashworth’s successor as Company architect. The basic dwelling had now evolved into an eight-roomed house with a kitchen, an internal bathroom, front and back gardens and mains electricity. Citing what it regarded as unfair competition from local authorities who were now providing working-class housing irrespective of profitability, the Company built no further schemes after 1933. In 1961, with its building stock aging and increasingly un-remunerative, it adopted the policy of selling off its houses and investing in purely commercial property. The last of the houses were sold in 1979 and the Co

Edward Henry Carson +

Gilbert and Sons Cockburn +

John Joseph Lyons +

William Francis Caldbeck +

William Fogerty +

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